A human being died that night…

Source 1

The caption for this photograph reads as follows:

“A Duduza township resident lies dead while members of a special police squad take a smoke break after an all night “cleanup,” Transvaal, July 1985. Photographs such as this led to the government emergency regulations making it an offence to photograph police in “an unrest area or situation.” The police have shot hundreds, and township residents cannot easily distinguish between national servicemen and covert death squads. The death squads usually wear woollen, hooded face covers, or masks, called “balaclavas,” making it impossible to identify the killers. In this photograph, the man with his back turned still has his balaclava down.”

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Source 2

In this extract from Brutal Force: The Apartheid War Machine, Gavin Cawthra explains the indoctrination used by the apartheid government to create a militarised youth prepared for the “communist onslaught”.

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Source 3

John Deegan joined the police force after leaving school. He had wanted to become a commercial artist, but his father disapproved and encouraged him to join the police force. John’s father had also been a member of the police force for a number of years.

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Source 4

In this excerpt from Antjie Krog’s book, A Change of Tongue, she recalls a conversation with her brother Peet who was a soldier in the South African Defence Force during apartheid. White males over the age of 18 were forced to join the army for two years. Many continued to be called up for military camps after their compulsory military service had ended. Peet was a member of the Reccces, which was a specialised military task force that carried out many operations against the ANC military bases in Mozambique.

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Source 5

Eugene de Kock, called ‘Prime Evil’ by the media was the arch assassin for the apartheid government and the commanding officer of apartheid’s death squads. He was sentenced to 212 years in prison for crimes against humanity. Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela, is a psychologist who served on the TRC’s Human Rights Violations Committee, visited him in prison and spent many hours interviewing him for her book, A Human Being Died that Night. In this extract she reflects on de Kock’s views of black people and her response to him.

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Source 6

In this extract from Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela’s book, A Human Being Died that Night, de Kock discusses his views of the white people who ‘benefited’ from his actions and his feelings about him having to take the blame for apartheid atrocities while those who benefited did not have to acknowledge any responsibly themselves.

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Source 7

In this extract from Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela’s book, A Human Being Died that Night, Gobodo-Madikizela confronts the complexities of her feelings for de Kock as a perpetrator.

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